Women with perimenopause 40% more likely to be depressed

 

A recent study published in the Journal of Affective Disorders has found that women in the perimenopause stage are approximately 40% more likely to experience depression than premenopausal women. Perimenopause, which typically occurs three to five years before menopause, is a natural transition period when the ovaries gradually stop working, leading to fluctuating estrogen and progesterone levels.

The study, which reviewed seven studies totaling 9,141 women from the United States, Australia, China, the Netherlands, and Switzerland, aimed to estimate the risk of developing clinical depression or depressive symptoms at different menopausal stages. The authors found that perimenopausal women are more likely to experience depression, but there was no significant difference in risk for postmenopausal women compared to premenopausal women.

Dr. Aimee Spector, the corresponding author of the study, emphasized the significance of the findings, stating that perimenopausal women's mental health can suffer substantially during this time. She highlighted the need for greater awareness and support to ensure that these women receive appropriate help and care.

The study's lead author, Yasmeen Badawy, noted that cultural factors or lifestyle changes cannot solely explain the depressive symptoms experienced by women during this period. Instead, the variability in hormone levels, particularly estrogen, appears to trigger these symptoms in vulnerable individuals.

Dr. Stephanie Faubion, medical director of The Menopause Society, explained that estrogen affects the metabolism of neurotransmitters involved in emotional states, such as dopamine and serotonin. She emphasized the importance of clinicians being mindful of the risk factors and asking patients about their moods, especially if they have a history of mood issues.

Dr. Rebecca Thurston, a psychologist treating depression in midlife women, stressed the importance of not ignoring symptoms and seeking early treatment. She recommended that women learn their early warning signs of a depressive episode and that doctors develop relationships with mental health providers for referrals.

The study's findings underscore the need for greater awareness and support for perimenopausal women's mental health. By acknowledging the risks and taking proactive steps, women can receive appropriate help and care to manage their symptoms and improve their overall well-being.